Which tests are used in AMD evaluation?

Which tests are used in AMD evaluation?

• A. Mac OCT, IVFA, FAF, and Amsler
• B. Visual field testing only
• C. ERG only
• D. Ultrasound imaging only

Answer: (A)

Evaluating age-related macular degeneration relies on a set of imaging and functional tests that together reveal both structural changes and how those changes affect vision. Macular OCT provides a high-resolution cross-sectional view of the retina, identifying fluid, thickness changes, and the integrity of photoreceptor layers—crucial for detecting active neovascular disease and monitoring response to treatment. Fluorescein angiography maps retinal blood flow and highlights abnormal neovascular membranes and leakage patterns, which helps define wet AMD and guides therapy decisions. Fundus autofluorescence shows the health of the retinal pigment epithelium and the extent of geographic atrophy, offering a view of atrophic progression. The Amsler grid offers a simple functional check for metamorphopsia or central scotomas, indicating when macular function is affected. Other tests like visual field testing alone don’t provide the CNV and fluid details specific to AMD, ERG isn’t routinely required for AMD evaluation, and ultrasound is not a primary AMD assessment tool. Using these modalities together gives a comprehensive picture of the disease and informs management.

Evaluating age-related macular degeneration relies on a set of imaging and functional tests that together reveal both structural changes and how those changes affect vision. Macular OCT provides a high-resolution cross-sectional view of the retina, identifying fluid, thickness changes, and the integrity of photoreceptor layers—crucial for detecting active neovascular disease and monitoring response to treatment. Fluorescein angiography maps retinal blood flow and highlights abnormal neovascular membranes and leakage patterns, which helps define wet AMD and guides therapy decisions. Fundus autofluorescence shows the health of the retinal pigment epithelium and the extent of geographic atrophy, offering a view of atrophic progression. The Amsler grid offers a simple functional check for metamorphopsia or central scotomas, indicating when macular function is affected. Other tests like visual field testing alone don’t provide the CNV and fluid details specific to AMD, ERG isn’t routinely required for AMD evaluation, and ultrasound is not a primary AMD assessment tool. Using these modalities together gives a comprehensive picture of the disease and informs management.